Edwin Hubble, though red-shifting of light from different galaxies, discovered that space itself was getting larger. Hubble’s discovery, combined with non-Euclidean geometries indicate that the cosmos exists in extra than the 3 dimensions we’re acquainted with in every-day life. We essentially don’t really see or sense extra dimensions; nonetheless, theoretical physics suggest that they should exist. This idea of extra dimensions itself is way too attractive, but the question is, are there any practical implications? Or can they actually become part of applied physics? Well let’s dive into a little feature then:
Time is typically reflect as a dimension, essentially it’s not a spatial dimension, and we’re definitely moving along the time axis just okay. We don’t really have any technology to go backward in time and change history. But according to theoretical physicists, if we could come up with a way to travel through other dimensions, then it should let a sort of tunneling to places that look un-reachable from the perspective of the 3 dimensions that we perceive.
The point of view of time travel into the past is, no doubt, mind-boggling. But according to our present knowledge and a few recent researches it’s impossible. You can read more about these researches here. Travelling into the future is no sci-fiction. For instance- accelerating from the normal move into the future of one minute per minute, one year per year. Furthermore, we actually know how to do it.
It’s called time dilation, it’s predict by Einstein’s theory of special relativity, and it will happen, if we accelerate a spacecraft to a significant part of the speed of light. Travel very close to the speed of light (c), and time slows down from your viewpoint and the slowing is quantified by a variable known as the gamma factor. On a ship moving just under 0.87c, the gamma factor = 2; thus, from the perspective of Earth-bound observers, the traveler moves 2 minutes into the future for each minute that seems to go by aboard the ship. At 0.94c, gamma = 3, and it increases additional dramatically as the ship approaches light speed asymptotically. At 0.9992c, for instance, gamma reaches 25, which can advance you noticeably into the future if you stay at that pace long enough. Make a round-trip to the star Vega, located 25 light-years away, and two years will pass by for you and your friends aboard the ship (you’ll age two years and accumulate 2 years of memories), but arriving on Earth you’ll find that you’ve jumped in front by a half-century.
It really would happen; we’re certain, because time dilation has been established with subatomic particles in accelerators. We can’t do it right now with people, but the ability for relativistic velocities is only a substance of time (excuse the pun), since it could happen with skill that may be just over the horizon, namely nuclear- fusion.
This was more than a decade previous to Miguel Alcubierre would demonstrate that Einstein’s general relativity theory allowable for Star Trek-style warp drive, so Sagan saw the wormhole concept as the only scientifically-valid means by which his protagonist, Ellie Arroway, could be shuttled through the galaxy fast enough to meet storyline demands.
An higher civilization could build a system of wormhole-dependent tunnels between different points of the space-time fabric, essentially drawing the exit and arrival points in the fabric into close proximity to one another through a 4th dimension. If we could do it, we could have an entry portal nearby, some-where in the inner Solar System that leads to an exit point at our purpose, for instance a nearby star system with an Earth-like planet. In science- fiction, it’s the concept of a star gate.
Warp Drive
Teaching about the 4th dimension, physicists have used -analogies, like drawings of something called a hypercube, and even the 19th century novellaFlatland by Edwin Abbott Abbott. The book imagines two-dimensional beings living on a planar world that has only length and width. Unable to perceive a third dimension, the Flatlanders see only one plane of three-dimensional visitors, kind of like how computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging shows the body in slices. Two slices through a leg, one a few millimeters up from the other, look almost the same, but a slice through the waist or chest gives a very different picture. We can relate to this analogy, imagining our three-dimensional environment as just one of an infinite number of slices of a four-dimensional environment.
But moving beyond four dimensions, it gets even weirder, and very hard to visualize. The main theory here is called M theory, which is a theory in physics that unites various types of what’s called superstring theory. In M theory there are a bunch of dimensions, either 10 or 11, depending on who explains it to you. In addition to the three we’re familiar with there arecompact dimensions. It’s all related to phenomena called branes that vibrate like strings, but what’s most relevant to this discussion is that the extra or compact dimensions don’t necessarily have to remain compact. Like a jack-in-the box, it might be possible to unpack the extra dimensions, says Richard Obousy, director of Icarus Interstellar, a non-profit organization promoting starship research.
If an advanced nation learns how to manipulate higher dimensions, they might use them for technology, counting warp drive. So far, we don’t have a shred of evidence that the hypothesized additional size even exist. Someday, soon, we might get some evidence from the Large Hadron Collider, but still then it’s anyone’s deduction whether that would lead to a warp drive- technology.
The point of view of time travel into the past is, no doubt, mind-boggling. But according to our present knowledge and a few recent researches it’s impossible. You can read more about these researches here. Travelling into the future is no sci-fiction. For instance- accelerating from the normal move into the future of one minute per minute, one year per year. Furthermore, we actually know how to do it.
It’s called time dilation, it’s predict by Einstein’s theory of special relativity, and it will happen, if we accelerate a spacecraft to a significant part of the speed of light. Travel very close to the speed of light (c), and time slows down from your viewpoint and the slowing is quantified by a variable known as the gamma factor. On a ship moving just under 0.87c, the gamma factor = 2; thus, from the perspective of Earth-bound observers, the traveler moves 2 minutes into the future for each minute that seems to go by aboard the ship. At 0.94c, gamma = 3, and it increases additional dramatically as the ship approaches light speed asymptotically. At 0.9992c, for instance, gamma reaches 25, which can advance you noticeably into the future if you stay at that pace long enough. Make a round-trip to the star Vega, located 25 light-years away, and two years will pass by for you and your friends aboard the ship (you’ll age two years and accumulate 2 years of memories), but arriving on Earth you’ll find that you’ve jumped in front by a half-century.
It really would happen; we’re certain, because time dilation has been established with subatomic particles in accelerators. We can’t do it right now with people, but the ability for relativistic velocities is only a substance of time (excuse the pun), since it could happen with skill that may be just over the horizon, namely nuclear- fusion.
This was more than a decade previous to Miguel Alcubierre would demonstrate that Einstein’s general relativity theory allowable for Star Trek-style warp drive, so Sagan saw the wormhole concept as the only scientifically-valid means by which his protagonist, Ellie Arroway, could be shuttled through the galaxy fast enough to meet storyline demands.
An higher civilization could build a system of wormhole-dependent tunnels between different points of the space-time fabric, essentially drawing the exit and arrival points in the fabric into close proximity to one another through a 4th dimension. If we could do it, we could have an entry portal nearby, some-where in the inner Solar System that leads to an exit point at our purpose, for instance a nearby star system with an Earth-like planet. In science- fiction, it’s the concept of a star gate.
Warp Drive
Teaching about the 4th dimension, physicists have used -analogies, like drawings of something called a hypercube, and even the 19th century novellaFlatland by Edwin Abbott Abbott. The book imagines two-dimensional beings living on a planar world that has only length and width. Unable to perceive a third dimension, the Flatlanders see only one plane of three-dimensional visitors, kind of like how computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging shows the body in slices. Two slices through a leg, one a few millimeters up from the other, look almost the same, but a slice through the waist or chest gives a very different picture. We can relate to this analogy, imagining our three-dimensional environment as just one of an infinite number of slices of a four-dimensional environment.
But moving beyond four dimensions, it gets even weirder, and very hard to visualize. The main theory here is called M theory, which is a theory in physics that unites various types of what’s called superstring theory. In M theory there are a bunch of dimensions, either 10 or 11, depending on who explains it to you. In addition to the three we’re familiar with there arecompact dimensions. It’s all related to phenomena called branes that vibrate like strings, but what’s most relevant to this discussion is that the extra or compact dimensions don’t necessarily have to remain compact. Like a jack-in-the box, it might be possible to unpack the extra dimensions, says Richard Obousy, director of Icarus Interstellar, a non-profit organization promoting starship research.
If an advanced nation learns how to manipulate higher dimensions, they might use them for technology, counting warp drive. So far, we don’t have a shred of evidence that the hypothesized additional size even exist. Someday, soon, we might get some evidence from the Large Hadron Collider, but still then it’s anyone’s deduction whether that would lead to a warp drive- technology.
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